Sharmistha Chakravarty
Diabetes mellitus is a disease which is characterized by an increase in the blood glucose level resulting from insulin deficiency or insulin resistance or both. As a result it can lead to glycation of tissues which proceeds with acute metabolic disturbances which ends with organ damage with severe health deteriorations. Such a condition results in increased blood glucose levels which in turn damage many organ systems like nervous system, blood vascular system etc. Diabetes may occur due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells with consequent insulin deficiency or due to abnormalities that results in insulin resistance. Due to insulin resistance on target tissues, abnormalities in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism occurs in diabetes. Symptoms of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss, and polyphagia. Uncontrolled diabetes may lead to acute life threatening consequences like ketoacidosis or non ketonic hyperosmolar syndrome.
