Howard Clark Kee
To understand the historical beginnings of Christianityrequires one not only to examine the documents that the movement produced, but also toscrutinize other evidence-historical, literary, and archaeological-that can illumine thesocio-cultural context in which Christianity began and how it responded to the influencesthat derived from that setting. This involves not only analysis of the readily accessiblecontent of the relevant literary evidence, but also attention to the world-views andassumptions about reality that are inherent in these documents and other phenomena thathave survived from this period. Attention to the roles of leadership and the modes offormation of social identity in Judaism and the continuing influence of these developments as Christianity began to take shape is important for historical analysis. Distinguished New Testament scholar Kee performs such readings of the texts and communities in this dazzling study of early Christian origins. In methodological terms, the historical study of Christian Origins in all its diversity must involve three different modes of analysis: (1) epistemological, (2) sociological, and (3) eschatological. The first concerns the way in which knowledge and communication of it were perceived. The second seeks to discern the way in which the community or tradition preserving and conveying this information defined its group identity and its shared values and aims. The third focuses on the way in which the group understood and affirmed its ultimate destiny and that of its members in the purpose of God. These factors are interrelated, and features of one mode of perception strongly influence details of the others, but it is useful to consider each of them in its own category in order to discern with greater precision the specific historical features of the spectrum of facets which appear in the evidence that has survived concerning the origins of Christianity.
