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Étude neurocognitive du biais de sélection de la récompense immédiate

Étude neurocognitive du biais de sélection de la récompense immédiate

Christopher Smith

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Editorial:
KS OmniScriptum Publishing
Año de edición:
2025
Materia
Psicología
ISBN:
9786208951375
75,33 €
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Ce travail se concentre sur les effets de divers facteurs liés à l’état (âge, consommation d’alcool) et aux traits de caractère (sexe, génétique) sur le biais de récompense immédiate (maintenant) (choisir maintenant plutôt que plus tard ) chez les sujets humains. Il est important de comprendre les variables qui influencent le biais en faveur du présent, car celui-ci serait un phénotype intermédiaire de la toxicomanie. Je complète ici cet ensemble de données en montrant que les adultes qui consomment beaucoup d’alcool sans souffrir d’un trouble lié à la consommation d’alcool (TCA) ont un biais en faveur de la récompense immédiate qui est à peu près égal à celui observé chez les adultes souffrant d’un TCA. Les adultes qui consomment peu d’alcool et qui ont des antécédents familiaux de TCA présentent également un biais en faveur de la récompense immédiate qui est à peu près égal à celui observé chez les adultes souffrant d’un TCA. En outre, nous avons constaté que le biais de récompense immédiate diminue généralement avec l’âge chez les buveurs modérés, ce qui suggère un rôle potentiel de la maturation cérébrale (qui atteint son asymptote vers le milieu de la vingtaine, où l’on observe également des changements dans le biais de récompense immédiate vers l’âge de 26 ans). De plus, nous montrons qu’un polymorphisme génétique affectant la signalisation de la dopamine et l’hormone féminine estradiol module le biais de récompense immédiate.

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