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Investigação neurocognitiva do viés de seleção de recompensa imediata

Investigação neurocognitiva do viés de seleção de recompensa imediata

Christopher Smith

75,33 €
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Editorial:
KS OmniScriptum Publishing
Año de edición:
2025
Materia
Psicología
ISBN:
9786208951429
75,33 €
IVA incluido
Disponible
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Este trabalho enfoca os efeitos de vários fatores de estado (idade, uso de álcool) e traços (género, genética) no viés de recompensa imediata (agora) (escolher agora em vez de mais tarde) em seres humanos. É importante compreender as variáveis que afetam o viés do Agora, pois tem sido sugerido que ele serve como um fenótipo intermediário para o abuso de drogas. Aqui, acrescento a este conjunto de dados, mostrando que adultos que bebem muito sem um transtorno por uso de álcool (AUD) têm um viés de recompensa imediata aproximadamente igual ao observado em adultos com AUD. Adultos que bebem pouco com histórico familiar de AUD também apresentaram um viés de recompensa imediata aproximadamente igual ao observado em adultos com AUD. Além disso, descobrimos que o viés de recompensa imediata geralmente diminui com a idade em bebedores leves/moderados, sugerindo um papel potencial da maturação cerebral (que atinge o ápice em meados dos 20 anos, quando também observamos mudanças no viés de recompensa imediata por volta dos 26 anos). Além disso, mostramos que um polimorfismo genético que afeta a sinalização da dopamina e o hormônio feminino estradiol modula o viés de recompensa imediata. Assim, as diferenças individuais podem modular esse comportamento de viés do Agora e afetar tratamentos futuros para diminuí-lo.

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